Cichlid
Central American cichlids are tough, colorful and full of behavior. Many are also territorial, especially when they pair up, so planning matters more than with most community fish.
Good starter species
- Convict cichlid: small, hardy and famous for breeding. Plan for fry.
- Firemouth: flashes a red throat to bluff rivals. Calmer than most.
- Jack Dempsey: stunning blue green spangles with a stronger temper. Grows to around 8 to 10 inches.
- Vieja and other big Centrals: spectacular color, but they need very large tanks.
Tank size
A pair of convicts or firemouths can live in a 40 to 55 gallon tank. A Jack Dempsey or a mixed group of medium Centrals needs 75 gallons or more, and big species like Vieja need 125 gallons and up.
Decor
Use rock and driftwood to create clear territories, with sand on the bottom because many Centrals dig. Set rocks on the glass so they cannot be undermined.
Pairs change everything
A calm group can turn hostile overnight once a pair spawns. Have a divider or spare tank ready. See breeding cichlids and stocking a tank.
